Scientific Name
Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don
Synonyms
Alstonia acuminata Miq., Alstonia batino Blanco, Alstonia brassii Monach., Alstonia costata Wall. ex Miq. [Illegitimate], Alstonia glabriflora Markgr., Alstonia oblongifolia Merr., Alstonia pangkorensis King & Gamble, Alstonia paucinervia Merr., Alstonia subsessilis Miq., Echites trifidus Blanco [Illegitimate] [1]
Vernacular Name
| Malaysia | Pulai penipu bukit (Peninsula); pulai daun besar, sayongan (Sabah); [2][3]pulai batu [4] |
| English | Hard alstonia, hard milkwood, [2]devil tree [3] |
| Indonesia | Pule batu (Ambon); kai riti (Seram); ai oi (Biak) [2] [3] |
| Thailand | Thungfa, kra thungfa hai, teen thian (Peninsula) [2][3] |
| Philippines | Batino (Tagalog, Bikol, Pangasinan); kuyau-kuyau (Bikol); itang-itang (Panay Bisaya) [2] |
| Vietnam | s[uwx]a l[as] l[ows]n, m[ows]p l[as] to [2][3] |
| Papua New Guinea | Ai wawoi (Papua); andelagar (Enga); dero (Madang) [2][3]. |
Geographical Distributions
Alstonia macrophylla From Sri Lanka and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo (Sabah), the Philippines, the Moluccas and New Guinea. [2]
Botanical Description
A. macrophylla comes from the family of Apocynaceae. It is a small to medium-sized tree that can reach measures up to 30(-50) m tall, with straight bole, measuring up to 100 cm in diametre and sometimes fluted at the base or with small buttresses. The outer bark is blackish-brown to grey, smooth or rough, minutely scaly, tuberculate, or fissured while the inner bark is cream, with broken and orange-yellow laminations and without latex. [2]
The leaves are in whorls of 3-4, obovate or narrowly obovate, sometimes elliptical to narrowly elliptical, with a size of measuring 4.5-25(-32) cm x 1.5-10.5 cm, rounded to narrowly acuminate apex, with 12-25(-31) pairs of secondary veins while the petiole is measures 2-25 mm long. [2]
The inflorescence is with many-flowered and with measures 1-4 mm long pedicel. The sepal is puberulous to hairless while the inside of the petal is hairless. The follicles are smooth. [2]
Cultivation
A. macrophylla cultivated in India and Africa. It is grows in a wide range of vegetation types and soils in primary and disturbed forest ranging from flooded areas to montane forest, on soils ranging from sandy clay to limestone, from sea-level to about 2900 m altitude. [2]
Chemical Constituent
No documentation
Plant Part Used
No documentation
Traditional Use
No documentation
Preclinical Data
No documentation
Clinical Data
No documentation
Poisonous Management
No documentation.
Line Drawing
References
- The Plant List. Ver 1.1. Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don [homepage on the Internet]. c2013. [updated 2012 March 23; cited 2015 April 02] Available from: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-7064
- Teo SP. Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don. In: van Valkenburg JLCH, Bunyapraphatsara N, editors. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 12(2): Medicinal and poisonous plants 2. Leiden, Netherlands: Backhuys Publisher; 2001. p. 66-67.
- Philippines medicinal plants. Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don. [homepage on the internet] c2014. [updated 2014; cited 2015 April 02] Available from http://www.stuartxchange.com/Batino.html
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute Medical Research. Compendium of Medicinal Plants Used in Malaysia. Vol. 1. Kuala Lumpur: HMRC-IMR; 2002. p. 36.
