Scientific Name
Crateva religiosa G.Forst.
Synonyms
Crateva macrocarpa Kurz [1]
Vernacular Name
| Malaysia | Kepayan, kemantu, dangla [1], dala, kepayang ayer, marsh dalur [2] |
| English | Sacred barma [1], garlic pear, spider tree, temple plant, three-leaves caper [2] |
| China | E jiao mu ye, yu ma [2] |
| India | Ajapavaruna, asmarighna, bama, ganda, cinnavulimidi, holapoh, peddamogalingam, tikta-shaka, urumana, usiki, varun chhal, varunah, vitusi, voolemeri [2] |
| Indonesia | Jaranan (Javanese); barunday (Sundanese); sibaluak (Sumatra) [1] |
| Thailand | Kum-bok, kum nam [1] |
| Laos | Kumz [1] |
| Myanmar | Hkan-tak, ka-tak, kadat [2] |
| Philippines | Salingbobog (Tagalog); balai-lamok (Iloko); banugan (Bisaya) [1] |
| Cambodia | Tonliëm [1] |
| Vietnam | b[us]n thi[ee]u, b[us]n l[owj] [1] |
| Japan | Gyo-boku [2]. |
Geographical Distributions
Crateva religiosa is distributed from India throughout South and Southeast Asia to Micronesia and Polynesia, wild and occasionally cultivated. Itis also frequent in Borneo, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. [1] C. religiosa is often found in periodically inundated forest, usually below 100 m altitude, but also occurring up to 700 m altitude. [1]
Botanical Description
C. religiosa is a member of the Capparaceae family. It is a tree measure 5-15(-30) m tall, grey in colour of bark, yellowish-white wood but turns light-brown in colour when old. [1]
The petiole is measure (3.5-)6.5-10 cm long where on sterile twigs are often much longer. The stipules are subulate, and measure about 0.5-1 mm long. The leaflets are very variable, asymmetrically oblong to ovate in shape and with a size of measuring about 8.5-27 cm x 3-10.5 cm. The central leaflet is oblong to obovate in shape, narrowly decurrent base, shortly acuminate apex, often mucronulate, with 7-11 pairs of veins, subsessile and thin-herbaceous. [1]
The flowers are measure about 2-14, 3-5(-14) cm long rachis where the lower flowers are inserted above the axil of normal leaves while the others are subtended by an early caducous bract. They are 10 mm x 1-1.5 mm, with measuring 2-9 cm long pedicels, ovate sepals, obtuse to acute in shape, measuring about 4-7 mm x 1.5-3 mm while the petals are broadly ovate to elliptical in shape, measure about 2-4 cm x 1-2.3 cm and with measure about 5-20 mm long of narrowed base. The stamens are (10-)13-18(-30), measuring 4.5-11.5 cm long filaments, pink or purple in colour towards the top, the measure of anthers is about 2.5-6 mm long and measure about 4-7 cm long gynophores. [1]
The fruit berry is slightly spherical to subovoid in shape, measuring about 6-15 cm x 5.5-9.5 cm and it is whitish-grey in colour. The seed is dorsally keeled and sparsely to densely tuberculate. [1]
Cultivation
No documentation.
Chemical Constituent
No documentation.
Plant Part Used
No documentation.
Traditional Use
No documentation.
Preclinical Data
No documentation.
Clinical Data
No documentation.
Poisonous Management
No documentation.
Line Drawing
References
- Schmelzer GH. Crateva religiosa J.G. Forster. In: van Valkenburg JLCH, Bunyapraphatsara N, editors. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 12(2): Medicinal and poisonous plants 2. Leiden, Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers, 2001; p. 190-191.
- Quattrocchi U. CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: Common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology. Volume II C-D. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 2012. p. 464.
