Scientific Name
Ardisia crenata Sims
Synonyms
Ardisia crenulata Lodd. [Illegitimate], Ardisia densa Miq, Ardisia elegans Andrews, Ardisia glandulosa Blume [Illegitimate], Ardisia konishii Hayata, Ardisia kusukusensis Hayata, Ardisia labordei H.Lév, Ardisia lentiginosa Ker Gawl, Ardisia linangensis C.M.Hu, Ardisia miaoliensis S.Y. Lu, Ardisia mouretii Pit., Bladhia crenata (Sims) H.Hara, Bladhia kusukusensis (Hayata) Nakai, Bladhia lentiginosa (Ker Gawl.) Nakai, Bladhia lindleyana (D.Dietr.) Nakai, Bladhia punctata (Lindl.) Nakai, Tinus densa (Miq.) Kuntze. [1]
Vernacular Name
| Malaysia | mata ayam, mata pelandok [2], akar bebulu, lenggundi, sireh puyoh [3] |
| English | Village ardisia [2], coral ardisia, coralberry, hens eyes, Hilo holly, spiceberry [3] |
| China | Zhu sha gen [3], yun chi zi jin niu, chu sar gun [4] |
| Indonesia | mata ayam (Bangka); popinoh (Lampung) [2] |
| Thailand | chamkhruea (Lampang); tappla (Trat); tinchamkhok (Loei) [2] |
| Philippines | atarolon, tagpo (Tagalog) [2] |
| Cambodia | ping chap [2] |
| Vietnam | chu o rien, co’m nguôi nhan [2], troun dua, com ngor raw [4] |
| Japan | Manryo [3] |
| Africa | Koraalbessieboom [4] |
| France | Baie corail [4] |
Geographical Distributions
Ardisia crenata been reported in Florida natural area Alachua, Flagler, Gadsden, Highlands, Hillsborough, Leon, Liberty, Marion, Martin, and Orange counties. [5]
Botanical Description
A. crenata is a member of the Myrsinaceae family. It is a small, slow-growing, evergreen shrub reaching up to 1.8 m in height, growing in muti-stemmed clumps. [5]
The leaves are alternate, oblong-lanceolate, up to 20 cm long, with crenate and undulate margins, glossy dark green above, waxy and glabrous. [5]
The flowers are white to pink in colour with stalked axillary clusters, small in nodding corymbs. [5]
The fruits are globose in shape, one-seeded drope up to 8 mm in diameter and glossy red when ripe. [5]
Cultivation
Prefers moist soil but may succumb to fungal rot in flooded soil. [5]
Chemical Constituent
A. crenata has been reported to contain triptenoid saponins, ardisicrenoside G 3b-O-{a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl}- 16α, 28-dihydroxyolean-12-en-30-oic acid, aglycone, 3β,16α,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-30-oic acid (jacquinic acid). [6]
Plant Part Used
Roots, leaves and fruits [6].
Traditional Use
In China and Hong Kong it is used in the treatment or rheumatic arthritis, traumatic injuries, lumbago, fractures, swelling of wounds and snake bites. It is believed to have antibacterial properties and is used in the treatment of tonsillitis, bronchitis, lymphadenitis, upper respiratory tract infections, diphtheria, erysipelas and scarlet fever. [6]
In Malaysia the decoction of the roots is given to women after delivery, for fever, cough and gout. Poultice of leaves and roots are applied over areas of bone-aches. [6]
Preclinical Data
Pharmacology
Antithrombin activity
Methanol extract of A. crenata exhibited antithrombin activity with 80% or higher in bioassay system using chromogenic bioassay. [6]
Antimicrobial activity
Antifungal activity
Isolation of two new triterpenoid saponins identified as ardisicrenoside K and L compounds from the A. crenata roots was reported as weak antifungal activity against Pyricularia oryzae. [7]
Cytotoxic activities
A compound, Ardisiacrenoside I isolated from A. crenata was evaluated for its cytotoxic activities against several different human tumor cell lines together with five closely related tripeterpenoid saponins using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. [8]
Tea extract of A.crenata was claimed to have the anticancer potential against liver cancer cells since it showed positive results against HepG2 cells with IC50=17 µg/ml. It also has a tendency to accumulate cells in the G1 phase and reduced G2/M leading to apoptosis. [9]
Anticancer
Ardisiacrispin (A+B) of A. crenata was reported to have anticancer activity towards human cancer cells since it could inhibit the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells in the range of 0.9-6.5 µg/ml by inducing apoptosis and disassembling microtubule. The compound induced dose-dependent apoptosis in Bel-7402 cells at doses of 1-10 µg/ml, resulting in changes of the mitochondrial membrane and nuclear condensation. Ardisiacrispin (A+B) also decreased the fluorescence intensity of microtubules. [10]
Toxicity
No documentation
Clinical Data
No documentation.
Poisonous Management
No documentation
Line Drawing
References
- The Plant List. Ver1.1. Ardisia crenata Sims. [homepage on the Internet]. c2013 [updated 2012 Mar 23; cited 2015 Oct 01]. Available from http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2647788
- Jansen PCM, Jukema J, Oyen LPA, van Lingen. Ardisia crenata (Sims). In: Verheij EWM, Coronel RE, editors. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 2: Edible fruits and nuts. Wageningen, Netherlands: Pudoc, 1991; p. 317-318
- Quattrocchi U. CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: Common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology. Volume I A-B. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2012; p. 365.
- Lim TK. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants: Volume 4, Fruits. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer, 2012; p. 65.
- Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. [homepage on the Internet]. c2015. [cited 2015 Oct 16]. Available from: http://www.fleppc.org/ID_book/ardisia%20crenata.pdf
- Chistokhodova N, Nguyen C, Calvino T, Kachirskaia I, Cunningham G, Howard Miles D. Antithrombin activity of medicinal plants from central Florida. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002; 81(2):277-280.
- Liu DL, Wang NL, Zhang X, Gao H, Yao XS. Two new triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia crenata. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2007; 9(2):119-127.
- Zheng ZF, Xu JF, Feng ZM, Zhang PC. Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Ardisia crenata. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2008; 10(9-10):833-9.
- Newell AM, Yousef GG, Lila MA, Ramírez MMV, de Mejia EG. Comparative in vitro bioactivities of tea extracts from six species of Ardisia and their effect on growth inhibition of HepG2 cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;130(3):536-544.
- Li M, Wei SY, Xu B, et al. Pro-apoptotic and microtubule-disassembly effects of ardisiacrispin (A+B), triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia crenata on human hepatoma Bel-7402 cells. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2008;10(7-8):739-746.
