Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehn.
Family
Rubiaceae
Synonyms
C. robusta Linden, C. laurentii De Wild., C. ugandae Cramer.
Vernacular Names
| English | Robusta coffee. |
| Vietnam | c[af] ph[ee] v[oos]i. |
| French | Caféier robusta. |
Geographical Distributions
Coffea canephora was first introduced into Java in 1900 from Congo. C. canephora is now cultivated in tropical regions throughout the world. Selection programmes in East Java resulted in high-yielding plant material, which formed the basis for C. canephora production not only in Asia and major producers being Indonesia, Vietnam and India – but even in tropical Africa.
Description
C. canephora is a large tree that can reach up to measure 8-12 m tall, with long flexible branches, shorter taproot and with shallower rooted.
The leaves are 15-30(-40) cm x 5-15 cm with corrugated surface and with measure about 1-2 cm long petiole.
The flowers are white in colour, up to 80 flowers per node and with 5-7-lobed petal. The stamens and styleare well exserted.
The measuring about 8-16 mm long fruits are smaller.
Ecology / Cultivation
C. canephora is well adapted to the warm and humid equatorial climates with average temperatures of 22-26°C, minimum not below 10°C at altitudes of 100-800 m, and well-distributed annual rainfall of 2000 mm or more.
Line Drawing / Photograph
References
- Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 16: Stimulants.
