Scientific Name
Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze
Synonyms
Clerodendrum longicolle G.Mey., Clerodendrum mite (L.) Vatke, Clerodendrum semiserratum Wall. [Invalid], Clerodendrum siphonanthus R.Br. [Illegitimate], Clerodendrum verticillatum Roxb. ex D.Don [Invalid], Ovieda mitis L., Ovieda verticillatum Roxb. ex D.Don [Invalid], Siphonanthus angustifolius Willd., Siphonanthus indicus L. [1]
Vernacular Name
| Malaysia | Ganja ganja, penatoh [2][3] |
| Indonesia | Genje (Sundanese); sekar petak (Javanese); ringgo dipo (Palembang) [2][3] |
| Thailand | Thao yaai mom (Central); phayaa raak dieo (Peninsular); leng chon tai (Northern) [2][3] |
| Vietnam | ng[oj]c n[uwx] [aas]n d[ooj] [2][3] |
| Nepal | Aiklinge, rauru, syanka mali [3] |
Geographical Distributions
Clerodendrum indicum is a native to India and Nepal, eastward to Burma (Myanmar), southern China, Indo-China, Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia; naturalised in Indonesia, Madagascar, southern USA, West Indies and northern South America. [2]
Botanical Description
C. indicum comes from the family of Capparaceae. It is an annual, erect, branched herb up to 1 m tall, with yellowish, glandular hairs, viscid and stinking. [2]
There are 3-5 leaflets. The central leaflet measures 1-3(-5.5) cm x (0.3-) 0.5-1.5 cm, with wedge-shaped base, acute to obtuse apex, and thinly herbaceous, while the petiole is 0.5-6 cm long. [2]
The raceme is short to elongate and with largely actinomorphic flowers. The sepals are oblong, and measure (2.5-) 6-7 mm long, while the petals are oblong, measure (4-)7-12 mm long, thin, hairless and yellow. There are (8)10-20(-30) stamens which gradually increase towards the abaxial side. The bluish anthers are 1.5-2 mm long. [2]
The capsule is linear, erect, centripetal-veined, measures (1.5-)6-8(-10) cm long and with beak 2.5-4(-7) mm long. [2]
The seeds are red-brown and 1.2 mm in diametre, with narrow cleft, with strong cross-ribs and faint concentric ribs. [2]
Cultivation
C. indicum easily escapes cultivation through its stolons. In Java cultivated from sea-level up to 1200 m altitude; naturalised in grassy, sunny or slightly shaded localities near human settlements from sea-level up to 500 m altitude. [2]
Chemical Constituent
No documentation
Plant Part Used
No documentation
Traditional Use
No documentation
Preclinical Data
No documentation
Clinical Data
No documentation
Poisonous Management
No documentation
Line Drawing
References
- The Plant List. Ver1.1. Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze[homepage on the Internet]. c2013 [updated 2012 Mar 23; cited 2015 May 05]. Available from: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-42702
- van Valkenburg JLCH, Bunyapraphatsara N. Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze In: van Valkenburg JLCH, Bunyapraphatsara N, editors. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 12(2): Medicinal and poisonous plants 2. Leiden, Netherlands: Backhuys Publisher; 2001. p.175.
- Quattrocchi U. CRC World dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: Common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology (5 Volume set). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2012. p. 1012.
