Endod: A Case Study of the Use of African Indigenous Knowledge to Address Global Health and Environmental Problems

Summary

University of Toledo has applied for a patent on the use of Endod plant to curb Zebra mussels infestation nonetheless no statement of royalties be given to Endod’s original proprietors (Ethiopian people) was mentioned. Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) is a perennial plant that has been chosen and planted for centuries in many parts of Africa. Endod’s berries are used as laundry soap and shampoo and also as an intoxicant to collect non-poisonous fish. The detail about the case study can be obtained from the following links:

in this scope

Background

Policies, Laws and Standards by countries​

Convention and Treaties​

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)​