3.1 AFRICAN REGION
3.1.1 THE CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH AFRICA (CASA)
The CASA is a professional body that comprises of chiropractors in South Africa. Members of the association are registered by the Allied Health Professions Council of South Africa. CASA was founded in 1971 upon the merger of the Pan-African Chiropractor’s Association (PACA).and South African Chiropractor’s Association (SACA). The first association in South Africa, founded by the Payne brothers, dates to 1939 and was named the South African Manipulative Practitioners Association (SAMPA). It eventually became known as PACA. Dr Josh Haldemann, founded SACA in 1952.
This association has an objective to promote, encourage and maintain high standards of education, training and conduct and practice within the profession in South Africa [1].
Link: http://www.chiropractic.co.
3.1.2 MEDICAL REHABILITATION THERAPIST (REGISTRATION) BOARD OF NIGERIA (MRTB)
The MRTB was established by Decree No.38 of the 1988/Acts M9 LFN 2004 for the purpose of regulation, control of training practice and licensure of the following professions; Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy, Clinical Audiology, Osteopathy and Chiropractic Medicine and Prosthetics & Orthotics. The MRTB is a body within the Federal Ministry of Health in Nigeria [2].
Currently there only one known chiropractor in Nigeria, with no actual Chiropractic association formed [3].
Link: http://www.mrtbnigeria.org/
3.2 ASIAN REGION
3.2.1 THE CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION (SINGAPORE)
The association was established in 1988. It is the national member representing Singapore as a member of the World Federation of Chiropractic (WFC).
The Singapore association strives to maintain the highest standards of professionalism among members of the chiropractic profession. As the chiropractic profession in Singapore is under government approved ‘self regulation’, the association maintains the only professional register of qualified chiropractors. The association has adopted a code of ethics, practice guidelines and code of advertising.
Membership of the association brings assurance to members of the public that their chiropractor is trained with an internationally recognized education standard and also agrees to practice within the association’s code of ethics, practice and advertising guidelines [4].
Link: http://chiropractic.org.sg/
3.2.2 CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION OF MALAYSIA
The association was established on January 17th, 2007 and
aims to represent the interest of the Chiropractic profession, in dealing with the government and in providing a self- regulatory association of professionals who aim to aspire to the highest ethical and professional standards.
The association has adopted a code of ethics and professional conduct [5].
Link: http://chiromalaysia.wordpress.com/
3.2.3 HONG KONG CHIROPRACTORS’ ASSOCIATION (HKCA)
The HKCA was officially established in 1967 despite the fact that chiropractors have been practicing in Hong Kong well before then. Since then, the number of chiropractors has increased annually.
The association aims to promote and maintain highest professional standards in the practice of chiropractic. In addition to that, the association promotes the freedom of choice in healthcare by increasing the awareness of the general public and of other healthcare professionals to the benefits of chiropractic as a safe and effective healthcare system.
Furthermore, it supports and encourages the HKCA members to fully uphold the association’s objectives [6].
Link: http://new.hkca.org/eng/nf/hkca.htm
3.2.4 CHIROPRACTIC DOCTORS’ ASSOCIATION OF HONG KONG (CDAHK)
CDAHK was founded in January, 2000 with the purpose of actively promoting Chiropractic in Hong Kong. Members of this association are all full- time chiropractors, serving the public professionally [7].
Link: http://www.cda.org.hk/English/
3.2.5 THAILAND CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION
Although there are other chiropractors known to be practicing in Thailand there are currently 15 members listed for the Thailand Chiropractic Association. Legislation is in force that requires regular examination and post graduate education. The association is affiliated with the World Federation of Chiropractic [8].
Link: http://www.thailandchiropractic.org/epage1.html
3.2.6 JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF CHIROPRACTORS (JAC)
The JAC is just one of the numerous chiropractic organisations found in Japan but it is the national representative to the World Federation of Chiropractic. Membership was granted in 1999. It has been granted recognition from the government since 2006. This association has its code of ethics as guidelines for chiropractic practices.
The JAC Ltd. has been registered as a Japanese governmentally recognized corporate organization since 2006. All of its members are internationally recognized doctors of chiropractic and they make up 70% of the qualified doctors of chiropractic in Japan.
Policies of the Association include the following:-
- The association will seek international cooperation with such bodies as the WFC in seeking to promote international standards for education and in legislative recognition.
- The JAC will promote awareness of chiropractic among Japanese people through various news media and through scientific research.
- The JAC will promote the observance of professional ethics among its membership particularly prohibiting the teaching of chiropractic techniques to anyone other than those who have recognized educational programmes for the education of chiropractic students [9].
Link: http://www.jac-chiro.org/
3.2.7 KOREAN CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION
The Korean Chiropractic Association (KCA) was founded on March 25, 1993 with a current membership of 113 chiropractors as of 2010. KCA seeks to help introduce more chiropractic clinics and to establish a proper legal basis for the practice of chiropractic in Korea. Chiropractors have faced criminal prosecution throughout the years in Korea and the fight for legal recognition is on-going. [10]
Link: http://www.chiro.or.kr/
3.2.8 TAIWAN CHIROPRACTIC DOCTORS’ SOCIETY (TAIWAN CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION)
The Taiwan Chiropractic Doctors’ Society (TCDS) is a recognised member of the WFC. It was founded in 1997 by eight foreign-trained chiropractors under the initial name of Taiwan Chiropractic Association. The role of the TCDS is to help the medical profession, the Government and overall the people of Taiwan to understand Chiropractic.[11].
Link: http://www.chiropractic.com.tw/web/index
3.2.9 CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES
President: Dr. Martin Camara
Intercare Healthcare Center Intercare Bldg.,
8420 Kalayaan Avenue Makati,
Metro Manila 1200 Philippines
Email: [email protected]
3.2.10 ASOSIASI CHIROPRAKTOR INDONESIA
In August of 2007, the WFC received an application for membership from the Asosiasi Chiropraktor Indonesia (ACI). The ACI was formed that month with formal bylaws, a code of ethics and other documentation. It is led by Chairman Dr. Brilliantono Soenarwo, who is a Life University graduate. The association represents 14 duly qualified chiropractors who are graduates of accredited colleges in Australia, Canada and the United States.
The ACI is a Member Association of the World Federation of Chiropractic and the Asia Pacific Chiropractic Doctors’ Federation [12].
Hotel Kristal Wellness Centre
JI Tarogong Raya Jakarta Selatan Cilandak Barat,
12430 Indonesia
Tel: +62 21 7507090
Fax: +62 21 7507091
Email: [email protected]
3.3 EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION
3.3.1 CYPRUS CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION (CYCA)
CYCA was established in 1984. It is also a member of European Chiropractors’ Union (ECU) as well as of World Federation of Chiropractic’s Eastern Mediterranean Region (WFC.) Chiropractic in Cyprus is being recognized by its government and known as ’Chiropractors’ Registration Law of 1991‘. As for 2009, there are 13 chiropractors being registered in Cyprus [13].
11 Rodou, Apt.302
1086 Lefkosia
Tel. +357-22318558
Tel. +357-22318676
Mob. +357-99631470
Fax +35722318772
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.cypruschiropractic.org/
3.3.2 IRANIAN CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION (IRCA)
The Iranian Chiropractic Association (IRCA) is composed of members that are mostly graduates of USA colleges. Chiropractic in Iran has been regulated since 1998 and according to the IRCA, Iran has about 60 licensed chiropractors. Chiropractors in Iran have diagnostic and imaging referral privileges and a wide scope of practice. [14].
The IRCA may be contacted at the following address:
1881 Yonge Street
P.O. Box 48042
Toronto, Ontario
Canada M4S 3C0
Telephone: (416) 487-8898
Fax: (416) 322-5890
Link: http://www.irca.ir/
3.4 EUROPEAN REGION
3.4.1 DANISH CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION
This association was founded in 1925 and made the effort to negotiate with the government on the right of chiropractors as well as chiropractors that practice in Public Health Insurance. The establishment of this association is with the purpose to gather chiropractors to perform dynamometer professional, economic and social interest by asserting the chiropractic education and research relevant to the society [15].
Vendersgade 6, 2.tv. 1363, København K.
Tlf. 3393 0400 Fax 3393 0489
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.kiropraktorforeningen.dk/index2.php
3.4.2 FINNISH CHIROPRACTIC UNION (FCU)
FCU was founded in 1977 to act as a representative organization for chiropractors in Finland. The association belongs to the European Chiropractic Union and World Federation of Chiropractic. FCU has developed its own Code of Ethics as well as Rules and Regulations for the association [16].
Link: http://www.suomenkiropraktikkoliitto.fi/
3.4.3 FRENCH ASSOCIATION OF CHIROPRACTIC / ASSOCIATION FRANCAISE DE CHIROPRATIQUE (AFC)
Representing around 500 Doctors of Chiropractic in France, the AFC has a goal of gaining legislative recognition and regulation of the profession at a level commensurate with that of other industrialized countries. The association seeks to provide accurate and verified information relating to the profession to all political parties [17].
76, Avenue des Champs Elysées – 75008 Paris
Link: www.chiropratique.org
3.4.4 GERMAN CHIROPRACTORS’ ASSOCIATION
The members of the German Chiropractors’ Association are bound by the ethical principles adopted by the association. All members have successfully completed at least four years of full-time academic studies at chiropractic colleges which present courses accredited by the European Council on Chiropractic Education.
The German Chiropractic Society was founded in April, 1980, with its headquarters in Breman. It has 80 members practicing throughout the country. The objective of the association is to represent the members in international organisations. [18].
DCG CGA
Deutsche Chiropraktoren-Gesellschaft e.V. (DCG)
German Chiropractors’ Association
Timo Kaschel
Katharinenstr. 15
04109 Leipzig
Tel.: 0341/4623034
Fax: 0341/4623035
Link: http://www.chiropraktik.de/
3.4.5 HELLENIC CHIROPRACTORS’ ASSOCIATION (HCA)
The Hellenic Chiropractors’ Association was officially founded in 1995 and is a member of both the ECU and WFC. Chiropractors in Greece have been active in professional association activities since 1977 as members of the Hellenic Naturopathy, Chiropractic and Osteopathy Practitioners’ Association. Chiropractic has been legally recognized since about 1989 after the efforts of the early active members of the association.
The HCAs’ aims include continuing promotion of chiropractic in Greece and working towards legislation. They also aim to represent the Rights of chiropractors in Greece, help with regulating the profession and work towards establishing a chiropractic degree course in Greece.
HCA is a scientific, non- profit organization governed by the applicable laws of the State, headed by the General Assembly, which has been legally elected by the Government Council, the Scientific Committee and the Auditing (disciplinary) committee.
Members graduated from recognized Chiropractic Schools accredited by the ECU and WFC [19].
Link: http://www.chiropractic.gr/
3.4.6 ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF CHIROPRACTORS
The Italian Association of Chiropractors (AIC) was founded in 1974 and was created to represent the chiropractic profession, to promote high standards of practice and to protect members of the public against abuse by unqualified practitioners. The AIC is a member of the ECU and WFC. Since 2008, chiropractic has been recognised in Italy under the Finance Act 2008 which gives Chiropractors primary health care status.
The website sets out the objectives of the association and provides an overview of the legislation which has been enacted recognizing the practice of chiropractic and setting appropriate standards for education [20]. The most important objectives of the Association are to represent and promote the Chiropractic profession and to ensure that only appropriately qualified persons are able to use the title Doctor of Chiropractic.
Associazione Italiana Chiropratici
via Brigata Liguria 1/20 – 16121 Genova (GE)
Tel 010 5533036 – Numero Verde 800 017806
Link: http://chiropratica.it/
3.4.7 NETHERLANDS CHIROPRACTORS ASSOCIATION (NCA)
Founded in 1975, the Netherlands Chiropractors Association (NCA) seeks to gain legislative recognition for the chiropractic profession and to maintain within its membership the highest standards of care and ethical practice. [21].
Nederlandse Chiropractoren Associatie
Waagplein 4a
8501 BE JOURE
Telefon: 0513-412041
Fax: 0513-416065
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.nca.nl
3.4.8 PORTUGESE ASSOCIATION OF CHIROPRACTORS
The Portuguese Association of Chiropractors is the paramount Chiropractic body within Portugal. The association was founded in 1999 and is a member of both European and international organizations, namely the European Chiropractic Union (ECU), WFC and WHO. The APC aims to promote and protect the art, science and philosophy of Chiropractic. Teacher Education Institute. [22].
APQ – Associação Portuguesa de Quiropráticos
Rua da Torre, 1-2º
6300-738 Guarda
Telefone: 351 271 214559
Fax: 351 271 2237 61
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.quiropratica.org/
3.4.9 SPANISH CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION
The association was established in 1986 and legalized the same year by the Ministry of Interior, with approval of the Ministry of Health. The Doctor of Chiropractic qualification as recognized internationally and by the European Council on Chiropractic Education (ECCE) is required for membership. There are currently 170 members, all trained in foreign countries. A Chiropractic College has now been established in Barcelona.
The association has its own Constitutional Laws and Code of Ethics which all members must observe. The association is also part of the ECU, WFC and WHO [23]
Marques de Cubas, 25, 3º ex. iz., of.2
28014 Madrid
Telf: +34 429 38 86
Fax: +34.91.369 08 09
Link: http://www.quiropractica-aeq.com/
3.4.10 SWISS CHIROPRACTORS’ SOCIETY
The association currently has over 250 members and all members are registered under the national legislation. The association maintains a strict Code of Ethics which must be observed. The association which was established in 1964 is a member of the ECU, WFC and WHO [24].
Schweizerische Chiropraktoren-Gesellschaft ChiroSuisse
Sulgenauweg 38
3007 Bern
Telefon 031 371 03 01
Fax 031 372 26 54.
E-Mail [email protected]
Link: http://www.chirosuisse.info/d/html/
3.4.11 THE SWEDISH CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION (SCA)
The Legitimerade Kiropraktorers Riksorganisation (LKR) is known in English as the Swedish Chiropractic Association (SCA) and it is an organization within the Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations (Sveriges Akademikers Centralorganisation or SACO) and the Associations of Professional Employees; the academic’s professional union and represents university educated and recognized chiropractors in Sweden. The SCA was founded in 1936 and is celebrating its’ 75th anniversary in 2011. All members received their education abroad, in colleges which are accredited by the European Council on Chiropractic Education. The SCA (LKR) is a member of the ECU, WFC and the WHO. According to current information as of 2011the Swedish Chiropractic Association has around 200 members [25].
LKR AB
Bangårdsgatan 12
745 34 Enköping
Tel.: 0171-31185 / 031-185518
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.lkr.se/
3.4.12 BRITISH CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION (BCA)
The BCA is the largest and longest established association for chiropractors in the United Kingdom. The association was founded in 1925 and represents around 50% of the United Kingdom’s registered chiropractors. The BCA was a founding member of both the ECU and the WFC. The association aims to promote, encourage and maintain high standards of conduct, practice, education and training within the profession in the United Kingdom [26].
The British Chiropractic Association
59 Castle Street
Reading
Berkshire
RG1 7SN
Tel.: 0118 950 5950
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.chiropractic-uk.co.uk/default.aspx?m=1&mi=1
3.5 NORTH AMERICAN REGION
3.5.1 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1. Iowa Chiropractic Society
The Iowa Chiropractic Society serves the profession in Iowa and is the only representative organisation in the state. The society was founded in 1964 and was an early advocate for the rights of chiropractic patients and the doctors.
The Iowa Chiropractic Society continues its efforts today to ensure access to a full range of care to patients who rely on chiropractic as an important part of their health care. It advances chiropractic health care in Iowa and it will lead as the pace-setting organization in unifying and advancing chiropractic in Iowa [27].
100 E. Grand Avenue., Ste. 240
Des Moines, IA 50309
(800) 475-6178
FAX (515) 867-2801
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]
Link: http://www.iowadcs.org/
2. California Chiropractic Association
The association was established in 1928, as a non- profit organization. It provides members numerous services and programs designed to effectively represent chiropractors before the state government, communicate to chiropractors the latest clinical and governmental news affecting their practices and patients, to offer products and services through endorsed partners and others to positively impact patient treatment and most importantly to enhance the public’s knowledge of the benefits of chiropractic treatment [28].
1451 River Park Drive, Suite 230
Sacramento, CA 95815
(916) 648-2727
Fax (916) 648-2738
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.calchiro.org/
3. Texas Chiropractic Association
Mission Statement [29]:
- To protect and advance the scope of practice for the chiropractic profession in the State of Texas;
- To protect and advance public access to the chiropractic profession;
- To defend the chiropractic profession and deter against discrimination.
TEXAS Chiropractic Association
1122 Colorado St Ste 307
Austin, TX 78701
(512) 477-9292
FAX (512) 477-9296
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.chirotexas.org/
4. New York State Chiropractic Association (NYSCA)
Since its founding in 1970, the New York State Chiropractic Association has continued leading the path for the Chiropractic profession in New York State. It was established originally in New York City, but in 1988 the NYSCA moved its headquarters to the Albany area. Its mission is to enhance public health by assuring universal access to safe and effective health care; to advance research, to elevate the educational standards of the profession, and to embrace the highest professional ethics and standards. It also aims to assist the Doctor of Chiropractic – the patient’s advocate – in delivering accountable, coordinated, patient oriented care to people of all ages [30].
NEW YORK State Chiropractic Association
PO Box 40
Kattskill Bay, NY 12844
(518)785-6346
FAX (518)785-6352
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.nysca.com/
5. Florida Chiropractic Association (FCA)
The association was founded in 1931 to help unite the profession in Florida and since then serves both Doctors and Patients of Chiropractic in the state of Florida. One of the main functions of the FCA is the protection and welfare of its members, as well as education of the public concerning the chiropractic profession. The FCA is independent of other state or national chiropractic bodies but suggests to members to also join a national representative body of their own preference. [31].
FLORIDA Chiropractic Association
30 Remington Road, Suite One
Oakland, FL, USA
407-654-3225
FAX : 407-656-5433
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.fcachiro.org/index.php
6. Oregon Chiropractic Association
The Oregon Chiropractic Association was born in November of 2008, after the Chiropractic Association of Oregon and Oregon Doctors of Chiropractic members voted and decided to form a new organization that known as the ’Oregon Chiropractic Association’.
Many types of council have been implemented to serve and protect the interests of chiropractic in Oregon.
The Association has around 1100 member doctors in the state and its goal is to continue serving the patients, to promote wellness to have a healthy community and to provide quality continuing education through the new association ’Oregon Chiropractic Association‘ by promoting the annual convention, sponsoring other seminars and offering video of many of those classes [32].
Chiropractic Association of OREGON
4315 NE Tillamook Street
Portland, Oregon 97213
(503) 288-5412
FAX (503) 281-7978
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://oregonchiroassoc.com/
7. Missouri State Chiropractors Association (MSCA)
The Missouri State Chiropractors Association (MSCA) was founded in 1913. The MSCA works full-time to educate the insurance industry, legislators and other decision-makers about the cost-effectiveness of chiropractic.
The MSCA drafts legislation to help promote patient access to chiropractic care and all the benefits of non-invasive and effective treatment.
The MSCA unites the profession and speaks with one voice to help correct the many flaws in a system which has a long way to go to better serve all who seek chiropractic care [33].
MISSOURI State Chiropractors Association
220 E. Dunklin St.
Jefferson City, MO 65101
(573) 636-2553
Fax: (573) 635-1470
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.mscainfo.com/index2.html
8. Georgia Chiropractic Association
The Georgia Chiropractic Association (GCA) was founded in 1912, since that time it has fought and won many legislation battles in the state. GCA aims to promote the rights of chiropractors to work and to also ensure that patients are protected.. GCA represents not only doctors of chiropractic, but also other chiropractic associations.
In order to raise the standards of patient care, the GCA offers two annual conferences and multiple weekend seminar programs to the doctors of chiropractic who wish to enter the profession and to keep members up to date on latest health information. .
GCA educates the public of Georgia on health and wellness information, as well as on the benefits of chiropractic care by disseminating information on its website and by public relations campaign. The Association also offers its members the opportunity to build networks with other professionals, to improve their practices through services offered through GCA business partners and to save money with discounts on the goods and services they use every day [34].
GEORGIA Chiropractic Association, Inc.
1926 Northlake Pkwy Ste 201
Tucker, GA 30084
(770) 723-1100
Fax (770) 723-1722
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.gachiro.org/
9. Illinois Chiropractic Society
Founded in 1926, the Illinois Chiropractic Society (ICS) is a non-profit organization representing both chiropractors and the profession as a whole. ICS is recognised within the Illinois Medical Practice Act of 1987. Its objective is to protect the profession and the patient’s rights, to serve the community and to promote interaction with other healthcare professions and service organizations. TheICS promotes growth of the profession, training and safe ethical practice techniques.
Thanks to the association there has been evolution of the chiropractic care in Illinois allowing for better cost effective healthcare and making it available to the citizens [35].
ILLINOIS Chiropractic Society
1143 S. Spring St
Springfield, IL 62704
(800) 424-0121
Fax (217) 525-1205
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.ilchiro.org/
10.Minnesota Chiropractic Association
The Minnesota Chiropractic Association was created in 1927 and it is the only professional organization in Minnesota that solely represents the chiropractic professional on a multi-level and integrated service basis. Its vision is to make Minnesota a place where chiropractic health care is available and accessible to all. Its mission is to support and unify the art, philosophy and science of the Chiropractic profession.
The Association strives to create a practice environment favourable to all Minnesota Chiropractors, welcomes dialogue and cooperation with all types of health care providers, and provides a powerful and united message.
The MCA many resources to their members to assist them to grow their practice, stayed updated and assist personal fulfillment. [36].
MINNESOTA Chiropractic Association
8120 Penn Ave. S.,
Suite #270,
Bloomington, MN 55431
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.mnchiro.com/
11.South Carolina Chiropractic Association (SCCA)
The Association was officially founded in South Carolina in 1932. However, according to the Chiropractic census in the state probably started with five or six chiropractors in the 1910’s. It is a professional association whose mission is to promote and protect chiropractic in South Carolina [37].
In 1932, according to Dr. A.J. Keown, the first secretary of both the South Carolina Chiropractic Association and the South Carolina Board of Examiners, the association’s membership roll shows a total of 30 chiropractors [37].
In late 1931, a meeting was called by Drs. H.L. Hennies and R.E. May called to discuss organizing a chiropractic association. After the name Palmetto Chiropractors Association was rejected, the name South Carolina Chiropractor Society was adopted. However, in January 1932 the organisation become known as the South Carolina Chiropractic Association. It was not until 1948 that the association became known as South Carolina Chiropractors’ Association and went through official incorporation. In 1989, the association chose to return to its previous designation, and the name was changed for the last time to South Carolina Chiropractic Association.
In the 1990’s the profession started to gain a new level of acceptance and respect not only from the public but also from the legislative and medical communities. The SCCA was has seen its membership, grow from 158 members in 1989 to 445 members as of 2008 [37].
The Association is in charge of expanding the role of chiropractic in health care, creating public awareness, communicating current trends and relevant issues to its members and providing quality continuing education [37].
South Carolina Chiropractic Association
1300 12th Street, Suite B
Cayce, SC 29033
803.772.9376
Email: [email protected]
Link: http://www.scchiropractic.org/
12.Connecticut Chiropractic Association
The Connecticut Chiropractic Association was established in the state of Connecticut in 1918 with the mission of advancing chiropractic and promoting the highest standards of ethics and patient care for the profession, and to serve the needs of the membership, thereby contributing to the health and welfare of the people throughout the entire State of Connecticut. The Association has provided a forum to share information among its users. Legislation has been a major focus of the organization.
The Association has formed different committees designed with the purpose of supporting the goals of the association and increasing internal communications among the membership as well as with the public. Doctors offer their service as volunteers to chair the committees while running their own private practices. [38].
CONNECTICUT Chiropractic Association
2257 Silas Deane Highway, Ste. 5
Rocky Hill, CT 06067
(860) 257-0404
Fax (860) 257-0406
Email: [email protected]
http://www.ctchiro.com/
3.5.2 FULL LIST OF KNOWN ASSOCIATION WEB-SITES
- Alabama State Chiropractic Association http://www.ascachiro.org/
- Alaska Chiropractic Society http://alaskachiropracticsociety.com/
- Arizona Association of Chiropractic http://www.azchiropractic.org/
- Arkansas Chiropractic Association http://www.arkchiro.com/
- Association of New Jersey Chiropractors http://www.anjc.info/
- California Chiropractic Association http://www.calchiro.org/
- Colorado Chiropractic Association http://www.coloradochiropractic.org/
- Connecticut Chiropractic Association http://www.ctchiro.com/
- Delaware Chiropractic Society http://www.dechiro.com/
- Florida Chiropractic Association http://www.fcachiro.org/
- Georgia Chiropractic Association http://www.gachiro.org
- Hawaii State Chiropractic Association http://www.hawaiichiro.com/
- Idaho Association of Chiropractic Physicians http://www.idchiro.org/
- Illinois Chiropractic Society http://www.ilchiro.org/
- International Chiropractors Association of Indiana http://www.icai.net/
- Iowa Chiropractic Society http://www.iowadcs.org/
- Kansas Chiropractic Association http://www.kansaschiro.com/
- Kentucky Association of Chiropractors http://www.thekac.org/
- Chiropractic Association of Louisiana http://www.cal-online.org/
- Maine Chiropractic Association http://mainechiro.com/content/
- Maryland Chiropractic Association http://www.marylandchiro.com/
- Massachusetts Chiropractic Society http://www.masschiro.org/
- Michigan Association of Chiropractors http://www.chiromi.com/
- Minnesota Chiropractic Association http://www.mnchiro.com/
- Mississippi Chiropractic Association http://www.mschiro.org/
- Missouri State Chiropractors Association http://www.mscainfo.com/index2.html
- Montana Chiropractic Association http://www.mtchiro.org/
- Nebraska Chiropractic Physicians Association http://www.nechiropractic.org/
- Nevada Chiropractic Association http://www.nvchiroassoc.org/
- New Hampshire State Chiropractic Association http://www.nhscs.org/
- New Mexico Chiropractic Association http://www.nmchiro.org
- New York State Chiropractic Association http://www.nysca.com/
- North Carolina Chiropractic Association http://www.ncchiropractic.com/
- North Dakota Chiropractic Association http://www.ndca.net/
- Ohio State Chiropractic Association www.oscachiro.org
- Oklahoma – Unified Chiropractic Association http://www.oklahomachiropractic.org/
- Chiropractic Association of Oregon http://oregonchiroassoc.com/
- Pennsylvania Chiropractic Association http://www.pennchiro.org/
- Chiropractic Society of Rhode Island http://www.richiro.org/
- South Carolina Chiropractic Association http://www.scchiropractic.org/
- South Dakota Chiropractors Association http://www.sdchiropractors.com/
- Tennessee Chiropractic Association http://www.tnchiro.com/
- Texas Chiropractic Association http://www.chirotexas.org/
- Utah Chiropractic Physicians Association http://www.utahchiro.org
- Vermont Chiropractic Association http://www.vtchiro.org/
- Virginia Chiropractic Association http://www.virginiachiropractic.org/
- Washington State Chiropractic Association http://www.chirohealth.org/
- West Virginia Chiropractic Society http://www.wvchiropractic.com/
- Wisconsin Chiropractic Association http://www.wisconsinchiropractic.com/
- Wyoming Chiropractic Association http://www.wyochiroassociation.com/
3.5.3 CANADA
In 1943, the Dominion Council of Canadian Chiropractors was established and it was the first national chiropractic body that then became the Canadian Chiropractic Association.[39] TheCanadian Chiropractic Association’s vision is for every Canadian to have full and equitable access to chiropractic care and its mission is to help Canadians live healthier lives by informing the public about the benefits of chiropractic care; promoting the integration of chiropractic into the health care system; and facilitating chiropractic research. It has an official quarterly publication called Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association.
The CCA is composed of provincial divisions and is thus a federated association. The CCA seeks to co-ordinate the efforts of the provincial divisions for the benefit of the profession in Canada. [40].
Link: http://www.chiropracticcanada.ca/en-us/home.aspx
3.6 PACIFIC REGION
3.6.1 AUSTRALIA
1. Chiropractic Education Australia Professional Development Services
Chiropractic Education Australia (CEA) is a provider of professional development services such as distance education studies and seminars in Australia and South East Asia. CEA has gone through a number of evolutions since its’ founding in 1975 as the International College of Chiropractic Ltd (ICC). The CEA’s first role was to help establish the chiropractic undergraduate program in Melbourne. In 1980 government funding was obtained for chiropractic education and the course provided by ICC was absorbed into the Phillip Institute of Technology (later to merge with RMIT) The ICC continued its’ involvement in Melbourne and Sydney by providing clinical facilities.. However since 1990, the organisations changed focus to providing “continuing professional development (CPD) services.” Reflecting this new focus the name ICC was changed to Chiropractic Education Australia Limited (CEA). [41]
Link: http://www.cea.org.au/services.html
The Chiropractors’ Association of Australia was formed in 1992 after joining together two former chiropractic groups: the Australian Chiropractors’ Association (founded in 1938) and the United Chiropractors’ Association of Australasia (1961). Nowadays it is the main and largest chiropractic health body representing chiropractors in Australia with a total membership of over 2,600 members. The Association’s ACT branch represents about 80 per cent of Canberra’s chiropractors.
Its mission is to widen the coverage of ACT public health services to include chiropractic, and to raise the profile of chiropractic through public education, information and promotion [42].
Link: http://chiropractors.asn.au
3.6.2 NEW ZEALAND
New Zealand Chiropractic Association (NZCA) was founded in the 1930’s. It is a voluntary, self-regulating, supervisory body that serves both the chiropractic profession and the public. Its purpose is to maintain professional standards, liaise with various government and health bodies and to be the voice for chiropractic profession promoting the benefits of chiropractic care and providing support for both chiropractors and chiropractic patients.
New Zealand’s legal system requires chiropractors to be have a recognized qualification to practice and to seek registration under the Health Practitioners Competency Act. The NZCA along with the New Zealand Chiropractic Board provides a regulatory framework for the chiropractic profession and promotes better health and well-being for the public through the safe and effective delivery of chiropractic services. A current Annual Practicing Certificate is needed to provide chiropractic services, failing which offenders will be prosecuted under New Zealand Law. The NZCA only accepts as members accredited and appropriately qualified chiropractors. [43]
Link: http://www.chiropractic.org.nz/
3.7 OTHER CHIROPRACTIC ORGANISATIONS
3.7.1 PAEDIATRIC
The International Chiropractic Pediatric Association is the first chiropractic pediatric body, founded in 1986. The ICPA was founded by Chiropractor, Dr Larry Webster, who was passionate about providing chiropractic care to children. The activities of the ICPA include providing on-going education, advanced training, supporting research and assisting patients to find chiropractors that specialize in paediatric practice. [44]
Link: http://www.icpa4kids.com/index.php
The Council on Chiropractic Paediatrics is a speciality group within the International Chiropractors Association (ICA) aimed at developing the skills of chiropractors in the field of paediatric chiropractic. Paediatrics is only one of the specialty departments of the International Chiropractors Association and its primary objective is to provide doctors of chiropractic (DCs) with the opportunity of enhancing their personal and professional growth along with colleagues who share their common interest, desire for professional knowledge and competency so they can help infants, children and pregnant women with appropriate and effective chiropractic care.
The Council is committed to advancing research in chiropractic paediatrics and pregnancy by holding research symposiums and publishing a research journal, the Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Paediatrics, which is the only chiropractic peer-reviewed journal in the world focused specifically on paediatrics. The Council is also committed to educate the public about chiropractic care from infants to adolescents. Any doctor of chiropractic may become a member of the Council on Chiropractic Pediatrics regardless of his/her affiliation with the ICA [45].
Link: http://www.icapediatrics.com/about-background.php
3.7.2 SPORTS/FITNESS CHIROPRACTIC
The Council is a non-profit organization based in Ohio, and is an affiliation of the American Chiropractic Association.
The Council’s main function is to provide its members with information and courses for educational programs. It also promotes and supports not only physiological therapeutics and rehabilitation but also education, evaluation and research in chiropractic care. The Council also helps its members, encourages and promotes interprofessional relationship with other organizations and their corresponding members in welfare and interests in Chiropractic Rehabilitation [46].
Link: http://www.ccptr.org/
The ACA Sports Council is a part of the American Chiropractic Association (ACA) devoted to promote sports chiropractic in America. Its’ full name is the ACA council on sports injuries and physical fitness. It seeks to be a resource for current and prospective sports chiropractors. It was established as a professional and non-profit organization with a membership of active chiropractors. Its main purpose is to provide chiropractic services to enhance athletic performance and promote physical fitness [47].
The ACA Sports Council has had rapid expansion in recent years with its Chiropractic Sports Network (CSN) involved in over 3000 events
ACA Sports Council members are chiropractors and allied health professionals involved in and dedicated entirely to the daily practice of sports chiropractic in their offices and on the field who work with athletes and sports teams of all levels. [47].
Link: http://www.acasc.org/
The American Chiropractic Rehabilitation Board was established as a professional organization in November of 1995. Its main purpose is to constantly improve the education and training of Chiropractors through a certification process to meet specific standard of excellence [48].
Link: http://acrb.org/for-patients/about-acrb-patients.html
The ICA, through its various Councils promotes continuing education for DC’s and has the Council on Fitness and Sports Health Science which does compete with those of the larger ACA.[49]
Its main focus is to promote better health by researching the roles of fitness, responsible living and chiropractic in maintaining optimal health and by dissemination the results of its research throughout its membership [50].
Link: http://www.chiropractic.org/councils/fitness/intro_page.php
The International Federation of Sports Chiropractic (in French: Federation Internationale de Chiropratique du Sport or FICS) was founded in 1987 at a meeting of national sports chiropractic leaders held in London, England, and it was established as an international organization promoting sports chiropractic around the world.
FICS’ offices were initially based in New Jersey, USA. In 1998 a move was made to Lausanne, Switzerland which continues as the headquarters. FICS also has an office attached at the WFC headquarters in Canada.
FICS is composed of national sports chiropractic councils, or the national associations from many countries such as Australia, Canada, Chile, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Turkey, United States and the United Kingdom. It is affiliated with international organizations within the chiropractic profession and the world of sports.
Since 1998, FICS has been governed by statutes under the Swiss Civil Code, which now provide for an Executive Council elected according to seven world regions, Africa, Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, Latin America, North America and the Pacific [51].
Link: http://www.fics-online.org/portal/
The British Chiropractic Sports Council (BCSC) was founded with the purpose of giving the most benefit to those who are involved in sport at all levels. The BCSC’s main concern is not only the treatment of sports-related injuries but also how to prevent them in the first place and how to help optimise performance. [52].
Link: http://www.chirosport.org/
3.7.3 VETERINARY CHIROPRACTIC
The American Veterinary Chiropractic Association (AVCA) was founded in 1989 to promote understanding in animal chiropractic. AVCA mission is to act and work as a professional group, to promote animal chiropractic to professionals and the public and to act as the certifying agency for doctors who have undergone post-graduate animal chiropractic training.
AVCA members work at national and international levels to help promote animal chiropractic with amain goal is to provide the public with open access to ethical doctors, well-trained trained in animal chiropractic [53].
Link: http://animalchiropractic.org
3.7.4 HISTORY OF CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION
The Association for the History of Chiropractic was established in 1980 and it is an international association with the mission of promoting scholarly recording of the profession’s history. The AHC publishes books and the journal Chiropractic History as part of its’ efforts to document Chiropractic history. The Association holds an annual meeting, gives an annual award and its membership is open to everyone [54].
Link: http://www.historyofchiropractic.org/
3.7.5 CHIROPRACTIC SPECIALIST BOARDS AND COLLEGES
According to the Academy of Chiropractic Orthopedists, a ’Board certification demonstrates a doctor of chiropractic / chiropractic physician’s exceptional efforts to improve skills in a specialty area of chiropractic practice.’ [55].
The American Chiropractic College of Radiology (ACCR) is based in Illinois, and it is recognized as a body of experts and the authority in chiropractic for accurate interpretation and safe, appropriate use of diagnostic imaging through clinical service, education, advocacy and scholarship. Chiropractic radiology is a specialized branch of chiropractic healthcare. According to the ACCR, there are approximately 160 chiropractic radiologists in the United States, with another 30 outside this country.
Dr. J. Todd Knudsen, DC, DACBR. is the current president of the ACCR and the mission of the ACCR is to advance the specialty of diagnostic imaging [56].
Link: http://accr.org/
The Chiropractic Board of Clinical Nutrition (CBCN) is a certifying agency that was formed in Oak Point, Texas.CBCN isa specialty board focussing on the field of clinical nutrition, with the aims to help people enhance their health.. The CBCN’s purpose is to conduct certification activities, offering the Diplomate certificate (DCBCN) to Chiropractors who have been in practice for at least2 years and have completed post-graduate training in nutrition from a chiropractic college or university.
.
The CBCN is sponsored by the American Chiropractic Association (ACA) and a member of the American Board of Chiropractic Specialties with full autonomy in the areas of testing standards and procedures [57].
Link: http://www.cbcn.us/index.php
The ICA Council on Applied Chiropractic Sciences (CACS) is one of the specialist Councils of the International Chiropractor’s Association.CACS focus is on education, research, professional excellence and communication skills. CACS seeks to improve chiropractic by helping doctors gain knowledge, competency and a deeper understanding of the science of chiropractic. All chiropractors with an interest to enhance their professional and personal skills are welcome to join CACS. [58].
Link: http://www.chiropractic.org/councils/cacs/cacs.php
Pro-Chiropractic Europe is a federation composed of ProChiropractic Associations from countries in Europe. Member associations have been founded by lay-men who have personally experienced the benefits and value of chiropractic care. These associations work to exclusively serve the interests of the patients.Based in Denmark with the goal to help promote chiropractic in Europe . There are associations which are members of Pro-Chiropractic Europe throughout many countries in Europe such as France, Finland, Germany, Switzerland, Great Britain, Italy, Netherland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark, which is the oldest founded in 1920.
The main purpose of the Pro-Chiropractic Europe is to provide a forum where ideas can be exchanged, common policies can be developed and chiropractic care can be promoted as an independent health care option in European countries [59].
Link: http://www.prochiropractic.org/
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