Halba
Plant Part Used Seed and leaves Active Constituents galactomannans (20%)-soluble dietary fibre (SDF), gum (19.0%), hemicellulose (23.6%), cellulose (8.9%), lignin (2.4%), diosgenin, tigogenin, yamogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, smilagenin, sarsasapogenin, yuccagenin, fenugreekine, Lipids (7.9%), trigonelline (0.13%), choline (0.05%), gentianine, carpaine, yellow colouring materials, trigocoumarin, trigomethylcoumarin, anthraquinone glycoside/piperidine, tannins, cyanogens glycosides, volatile oil ( Introduction Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum […]
Mengkunyit
Plant Part Used Roots, Stems (1) Active Constituents Alkaloid, Berberine, Fibleucin, Delta(8,9)-decarboxyfibleucin, 6-hydroxyfibraurin, Fibraurin. (2) ,, (3) , (4) Introduction The plant is a woody climber of the family Menispermaceae. It was used as a yellow dye in Malaysia and Brunei. The roots are used medicinally. Standardization No standard marker has been reported. Other standard […]
Sembong
Plant Part Used Leaves Active Constituents Levorotatory borneol, cineole, limonene, palmitic, myristic acids, sesquiterpene alcohol, dimethyl ether, pyrocatechic tannin, glycoside, levorotatory camphor , blumealactone A, blumealactone B, blumealactone C, xanthoxylin, crytomeridiol, dihydroquercetin-4′,7-dimethyl ether, (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin-4,7-dimethyl ether, (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin-4-methyl ether, dihydroquercetin-4′-methyl ether, (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin-4-methyl ether, (2R,3R)-7,5′-dimethoxy-3,5,2′-trihydroxyflavanone, blumeatin, quercetin, rhamnetin, tamarixetin, ombuine, velutin, luteolin, luteolin-7-methyl ether, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol. (1) , […]
Biak
Plant Part Used Leaves Active Constituents indoles, mitragynaline, orynantheidaline, mitragynalinic acid, corynantheidalinic, mitragynaline, speciogynine, speciociliatine, paynantheine, 7alpha-hydroxy-7H-mitragynine, isocorynoxeine, and mitralactonine were isolated. In addition, a porphine derivative, phaeophorbide. (-)-9-methoxymitralactonine, 3-dehydromitragynine and (-)-Epicatechin. (1) , (2) , (3) , Introduction M. speciosa Korth is a tree growing to about 50 feet tall with a spread of […]
Serai Wangi
Plant Part Used Leaves (1) Active Constituents Citronellic, Borneol, Citronellol, Geraniol, Nerol, Citral, Citronellal, Camphene, Dipentene, Limonene, -terpineol, citronellol, methyl heptenone, dipentene, geraniol, limonene, nerol, farnesol, Borneol, bournonene, camphene, camphor, 1-carvotanacetone, gamma-3-carene, citronellybutyrate, D-citronellal, D-citronellolacetate, D-citronellol-N-butyrate, p-cymene, elemol, ethanol, furferol, geranylactetae, geranylbutyrate, geranylformate, hexanol, limonene, linalol, linalylacetate, methyleugenol, methylisoeugenol, methylheptenone, menthol, myrcene, nerol, nerolidol, cis-ocimene, […]
Serai Makan
Plant Part Used Stalks and Leaves Active Constituents Stereoisomeric monterpene aldehydes; trans isomer geranial (40-62%), cis isomer neral (25-38%), nerol, limonene, linalool, beta-caryphyllene, C. flexuosus, alcohols (20-30% cotronellol, geranoil), aldehydes (15% geranial, 10% neral, 5% citronellal), myrecene, dipentene, , nerol, citronellol, farnesol, linalooletc, geraniol, Citral a, Citral b, furfural, isovaleraidehyde, citronellal, decylaldehyde, farnesal, diacetyl, methyl […]
Gandarussa
Plant Part Used Leaves, twigs, and roots Active Constituents The leaves have beta-sitosterol; lupeol; friedelin; 2-amino-0-methyl-benzyl alcohol; 2-(2’-amino-benzylamino)-0-methyl-benzyl alcohol; 2-amino-benzyl alcohol; 2-(2’-amino-benzylamino)-benzyl alcohol, justicineand high potassium content. The root contains justicine and volatile oil. (1) , (2) , (3) Introduction Gendarussa vulgaris probably originated from China. However, nowadays it grows throughout southeastern Asia and Malaysia. […]
Sambung Nyawa
Plant Part Used Leaves Active Constituents Sterols (beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol), sterol glycosides (3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl beta-sitosterol, 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl stigmasterol), nonadecane, phytyl valerate, adenosine, kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl 9-octadecenoate, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, stigmasterol acetate, quercetin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl(1-6)galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl(1 –6)glucoside, 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 1,2-bis-dodecanoyl-3-alpha-O-D-glucopyranosyl-Sn-glycerol. (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) , (5) , (6) Introduction Gynura procumbens (Merr.) Compositae […]
Hempedu Bumi
Plant Part Used Leaves, aerial part of the plant Active Constituents Andrographolide, andrographinin, neoandrographolide, isoandrographolide,14- deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, 14-deoxy-12-methoxyandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-dihydoandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-dihydroandrographiside, andropanoside, 12-epi-14-deoxy-12-methoxyandrographolide, andrographiside, 14-epi-andrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide, deoxyandrographiside, 6’-acetylneoandrographolide, bisandrographolide A, bisandrographolide B, bisandrographolide C, bisandrographolide D, 14-deoxy-12-hydroxy- andrographolide, 14-deoxy-15-isopropylidene-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, andrographidin C, andrographidin D, andrographidin E, andrographidin A, andrographidin B, andrographidin F, 5-hydroxy-7,8,2’,3’-tetramethoxyflavone, andrographin, 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy- flavanone and […]
Bunga Lawang
Plant Part Used Fruit Active Constituents Anethole, cinnamaldehyde, 0-methoxycinnamaldehyde, p-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, p- methoxycinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, trans-anethole, beta-caryophyllene, citronellol, estragole, eugenol methyl ether, myrcene, p-methoxy phenylacetone, terpinen-4-ol gamma-terpinene, anisaldehyde, astragalin, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-galactoside, kaempferol-3-O- beta –D-rutinoside, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-D-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-D-xyloside, benzoic acid-4- beta –D-glucoside, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, cineol. Neurotropic sesquiterpenoids, veranisatins A, B […]
